苹果谷歌同日败诉:欧盟法院裁定苹果补缴130亿欧元税款，谷歌垄断案败诉

欧洲法院10日裁定，美国苹果公司须向爱尔兰补缴130亿欧元税款。同时，维持对美国谷歌公司因滥用其垄断权压制竞争对手而面临的24亿欧元罚款判决。下面请看相关双语报道：

Google lost its last bid to overturn a European Union antitrust penalty, after the bloc's top court ruled against it Tuesday in a case that came with a whopping fine and helped jumpstart an era of intensifying scrutiny for Big Tech companies.

在欧盟最高法院周二驳回其上诉后，谷歌在推翻欧盟反垄断处罚的最后一次努力中败诉， 该案附带巨额罚款，并标志着对大型科技公司加强审查时代的开始。

The European Union's top court rejected Google's appeal against the 2.4 billion euro ($2.7 billion) penalty from the European Commission, the 27-nation bloc's top antitrust enforcer, for violating antitrust rules with its comparison shopping service.

欧盟最高法院驳回了谷歌对欧盟委员会(欧盟27国反垄断执法机构)对其违反反垄断规定所开出的24亿欧元(约合27亿美元)罚单的上诉。 欧盟委员会指控谷歌的比较购物服务违反了反垄断规定。

Also Tuesday, Apple lost its challenge against an order to repay 13 billion euros ($14.34 billion) in back taxes to Ireland, after the European Court of Justice issued a separate decision siding with the commission in a case targeting unlawful state aid for global corporations.

同样在周二，欧洲法院就一起针对全球企业非法国家援助的案件发布了另一项裁决，支持欧盟委员会的决定， 随后苹果公司败诉，被判向爱尔兰补缴130亿欧元(约合143.4亿美元)的税款。

Both companies have now exhausted their appeals in the cases that date to the previous decade. Together, the court decisions are a victory for European Commissioner Margrethe Vestager, who's expected to step down next month after 10 years as the commission's top official overseeing competition.

两家公司现已用尽前十年案件上诉的所有途径。 这两项裁决都是欧盟委员会委员玛格丽特·维斯塔格的胜利， 她预计将在下个月卸任，结束其作为委员会主管竞争事务的十年任期。

Experts said the rulings illustrate how watchdogs have been emboldened in the years since the cases were first opened.

专家表示，这些裁决表明，自案件首次开庭以来，监管机构的权力得到了加强。

One of the takeaways from the Apple decision "is the sense that, again, the EU authorities and courts are prepared to flex their (collective) muscles to bring Big Tech to heel where necessary," Alex Haffner, a competition partner at law firm Fladgate, said by email.

律师事务所Fladgate的竞争业务合伙人亚历克斯·哈夫纳在一封电子邮件中表示， 从苹果案的判决中可以得出“欧盟当局和法院再次准备在必要时发挥他们的(集体)力量， 来约束大型科技公司”的结论。

The Google ruling "reflects the growing confidence with which competition regulators worldwide are tackling the perceived excesses of the Big Tech companies," said Gareth Mills, partner at law firm Charles Russell Speechlys. The court's willingness "to back the legal rationale and the level of fine will undoubtedly embolden the competition regulators further."

律师事务所Charles Russell Speechlys的合伙人加雷斯·米尔斯表示， 谷歌案的裁决“反映了全球竞争监管机构在处理大型科技公司所感知的过度行为方面日益增长的信心”。 法院支持法律理由和罚款数额的意愿无疑将进一步鼓舞竞争监管机构。

The shopping fine was one of three huge antitrust penalties for Google from the commission, which punished the Silicon Valley giant in 2017 for unfairly directing visitors to its own Google Shopping service over competitors.

这笔购物罚款是欧盟委员会对谷歌开出的三项巨额反垄断罚款之一， 该委员会于2017年惩罚了这家硅谷巨头，因其不公平地将访问者引导至自己的谷歌购物服务，而非竞争对手的服务。

"We are disappointed with the decision of the Court, which relates to a very specific set of facts," Google said in a brief statement.

谷歌在一份简短声明中表示：“我们对法院的裁决感到失望，该裁决与一系列非常具体的事实有关。”

The company said it made changes to comply with the commission's decision requiring it to treat competitors equally. It started holding auctions for shopping search listings that it would bid for alongside other comparison shopping services.

该公司表示，它做出了改变，以遵守委员会要求其平等对待竞争对手的决定。 它开始举办购物搜索列表拍卖，并将与其他比较购物服务一起竞标。

"Our approach has worked successfully for more than seven years, generating billions of clicks for more than 800 comparison shopping services," Google said.

谷歌表示，“我们的方法已经成功运作了七年多， 为800多个比较购物服务产生了数十亿次点击。”

European consumer group BEUC hailed the court's decision, saying it shows how the bloc's competition law "remains highly relevant" in digital markets.

欧洲消费者组织BEUC对法院的裁决表示欢迎，称这显示了欧盟竞争法在数字市场中的“高度相关性”。

"It is a good outcome for all European consumers at the end of the day," director general Agustín Reyna said in an interview. "It means that many smaller companies or rivals will be able to go to different comparison shopping sites. They don't need to depend on Google to reach out to customers."

总干事奥古斯丁·雷纳在接受采访时表示：“归根结底，这对所有欧洲消费者来说都是一个好结果。” “这意味着许多较小的公司或竞争对手将能够前往不同的购物网站进行比较。 他们不再需要依赖谷歌来接触客户。”

Google is still appealing its two other EU antitrust cases: a 2018 fine of 4.125 billion euros ($4.55 billion) involving its Android operating system and a 2019 penalty of 1.49 billion euros ($1.64 billion) over its AdSense advertising platform.

谷歌仍在就其另外两起欧盟反垄断案件提出上诉： 一起是2018年因Android操作系统被罚41.25亿欧元(约合45.5亿美元)，另一起是2019年因AdSense广告平台被罚14.9亿欧元(约合16.4亿美元)。

Despite the amounts of money involved, the adverse rulings will leave a small financial dent in tow of the world's richest and most profitable companies. The combined bill of 15.4 billion euro ($17 billion) facing Apple and Alphabet, Google's parent company, represents 0.3% of their combined market value of 4.73 trillion euro ($5.2 trillion).

尽管涉及金额巨大， 但这两项不利的裁决对全球最富有、最赚钱的公司来说只是造成了小小的财务损失。 苹果和谷歌母公司Alphabet面临的154亿欧元(约合1700亿美元)的总账单 仅占其4.73万亿欧元(约合5.2万亿美元)总市值的0.3%。

Apple's stock price dipped slightly in Tuesday's late afternoon trading while Alphabet shares rose 1%, signaling investors were unfazed by the developments in Europe.

周二下午晚些时候的交易中，苹果股价小幅下跌，而Alphabet股价上涨1%， 这表明投资者对欧洲的事态发展并不感到担忧。

Those three cases foreshadowed expanded efforts by regulators worldwide to crack down on the tech industry. The EU has since opened more investigations into Big Tech companies and drew up a new law to prevent them from cornering online markets, known as the Digital Markets Act.

这三起案件预示着全球监管机构将扩大对科技行业的打击力度。 欧盟已对大型科技公司展开了更多调查，并制定了一项新法律来防止它们垄断在线市场， 该法律被称为《数字市场法案》。

European Commissioner and Executive Vice president Margrethe Vestager said that the shopping case was one of the first attempts to regulate a digital company and inspired similar efforts worldwide.

欧盟委员会委员兼执行副总裁玛格丽特·维斯塔格表示，购物案是监管数字公司的首次尝试之一，并激发了全球范围内的类似努力。

"The case was symbolic because it demonstrated even the most powerful tech companies could be held accountable. No one is above the law," Vestager told a press briefing in Brussels.

维斯塔格在布鲁塞尔的新闻发布会上说：“此案具有象征意义，因为它表明即使是最强大的科技公司也可能被追究责任。 法律面前人人平等。”

Vestager said the commission will continue to open competition cases even as it enforces the Digital Markets Act. The DMA is a sweeping rulebook that forces Google and other tech giants to give consumers more choice by following a set of dos and don'ts.

维斯塔格表示，即使在执行《数字市场法案》的同时，委员会也将继续审理竞争案件。 DMA是一本全面的规则手册，迫使谷歌和其他科技巨头通过遵循一系列规则，为消费者提供更多选择。

Google is also now facing pressure over its lucrative digital advertising business from the EU and Britain, which are carrying out separate investigations, and the United States, where the department of Justice is taking the company to federal court over its alleged dominance in ad tech.

谷歌目前还面临着欧盟和英国对其利润丰厚的数字广告业务的压力， 欧盟和英国正在分别进行调查， 而美国司法部则指控谷歌在广告技术方面占据主导地位，并将其告上联邦法院。

Apple failed in its last bid to avoid repaying its Irish taxes Tuesday after the Court of Justice upheld a lower court ruling against the company, in the dispute that dates back to 2016.

周二，苹果在试图避免偿还其爱尔兰税款的最后一次努力中失败，欧洲法院维持了下级法院对该公司的裁决， 这场争议可以追溯到2016年。

Vestager, who said she had been braced for defeat, hailed it as a landmark victory for "tax justice."

维斯塔格表示，她已做好了失败的准备，并将此视为“税收正义”的里程碑式胜利。

It was a surprise win for the commission, which has previously targeted Amazon, Starbucks and Fiat with tax rulings that were later overturned on appeal. They were part of the EU's efforts to stamp out sweetheart deals that let companies pay little to no taxes in a fight that highlighted the debate over whether multinational corporations are paying their fair share around the world.

对于欧盟委员会来说，这是一次意外的胜利，此前它曾针对亚马逊、 星巴克和菲亚特做出过税收裁决，但这些裁决后来在上诉中被推翻。 它们是欧盟努力消除让企业支付很少或不缴纳税款的优惠待遇的一部分，这场斗争凸显了跨国公司是否在全球范围内支付其应缴份额的争议。

The case drew outrage from Apple, with CEO Tim Cook calling it "total political crap." Then-U.S. President Donald Trump slammed Vestager, who spearheaded the campaign to root out special tax deals and crack down on big U.S. tech companies, as the "tax lady" who "really hates the U.S."

此案激怒了苹果公司，其首席执行官蒂姆·库克称其为“彻头彻尾的政治垃圾”。 时任美国总统唐纳德·特朗普猛烈抨击了维斯塔格，她领导了根除特殊税收交易和打击大型美国科技公司的运动， 称她为“真的讨厌美国”的“税务女士”。

重点词汇

overturn 推翻，撤销 ; 倾覆 ; 颠覆 ; 倾倒 ; 翻掉 ; 毁灭 ; 推翻 ; 垮台

European Union 欧洲联盟

intensifying 加强，增强，加剧 ; intensify的现在分词

appeal against 提起上诉

enforcer 实施者 ; 强制执行者

comparison shopping 比较购物 ; 比价购物 ; 购物比较

order to 命令 ; 命令，要求

in back 在后面;在后舱，在尾部

European Court of Justice 欧洲法院 ; 欧盟法院 ; 向欧洲法院

state aid 国家援助 ; 国家补助 ; 政府援助 ; 国家资助