高考英语阅读理解真题31(含答案解析)

2022全国甲卷 B

Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a "keyhole" in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped "keys" to choese from. Inserting the correct "key" would let out the nut.

In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical(对称的) shapes. his ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference". In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.

The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.

24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?

A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.

C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.

25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?

A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.

C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.

26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?

A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.

C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.

27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: independent Learners

C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters

答案解析：

24. B

解析：根据文章第二段第一句"In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it."，以及接下来的描述"Inserting the correct 'key' would let out the nut."，可以得出鹦鹉是通过使用正确的"钥匙"工具来取出坚果的。因此，答案是B。

25. C

解析：根据文章第二段第三句"In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age..."，说明一岁的人类婴儿能够完成将圆形物体放入圆形孔洞的任务。因此，答案是C。

26. D

解析：根据文章最后一句"The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections."，研究人员下一步想要弄清楚的是鹦鹉在选择形状时是否完全依赖视觉线索，还是也会使用触觉。因此，答案是D。

27. D

解析：文章主要讲述了Goffin's cockatoos在实验中展现出的形状识别能力，它们能够选择正确的工具来取出坚果，这表明它们具有与两岁儿童相似的空间物体操作能力。因此，"Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters"(能干的形状分类器)作为文章标题最为合适。答案是D。