2024年6月四级翻译中国特色词汇之国粹

在四级翻译中，通常会涉及到传统文化、历史事件、社会现象的翻译，这样要求考生深入理解中华文化，并灵活运用目标语言表达。准确翻译这些词汇，不仅需要语言技能，还需对中西方文化差异有深刻把握。

1. 京剧 (Peking Opera) - Peking Opera is a traditional Chinese theatrical form known for its combination of singing, dancing, acrobatics, and martial arts.

京剧是一种结合了歌唱、舞蹈、杂技和武术的中国传统戏剧形式。

2. 茶文化 (Tea Culture) - Tea culture in China encompasses the art of tea making, the etiquette of tea drinking, and the philosophical significance of tea.

中国的茶文化包括泡茶艺术、饮茶礼仪以及茶的哲学意义。

3. 针灸 (Acupuncture) - Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine practice that involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body to promote health and treat disease.

针灸是一种涉及在身体特定穴位插入细针以促进健康和治疗疾病的中国传统医学实践。

4. 功夫 (Kung Fu) - Kung Fu is a traditional Chinese martial art that emphasizes self-discipline, physical fitness, and the cultivation of inner energy.

功夫是一种强调自律、身体健康和内在能量培养的中国传统武术。

5. 春节 (Spring Festival) - The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important traditional Chinese holiday celebrated with family reunions, feasts, and fireworks.

春节，又称中国新年，是最重要的中国传统节日，通过家庭团聚、宴会和烟花来庆祝。

6. 儒家思想 (Confucianism) - Confucianism is an ancient Chinese philosophy that emphasizes personal and governmental morality, social harmony, and respect for authority.

儒家思想是一种强调个人和政府道德、社会和谐和对权威尊重的古老中国哲学。

7. 长城 (The Great Wall) - The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications built to protect the Chinese empire from invasions, now a symbol of strength and perseverance.

中国的长城是一系列为了保护中国帝国免受入侵而建造的防御工事，现在是力量和坚韧的象征。

8. 书法 (Calligraphy) - Calligraphy is the art of beautiful writing, often with a brush and ink, and is highly valued in Chinese culture as a representation of aesthetic and moral qualities.

书法是一种美丽的书写艺术，通常使用毛笔和墨水，在中国文化中被高度珍视，作为美和道德品质的代表。

9. 中医 (Traditional Chinese Medicine) - Traditional Chinese Medicine is a healing system that has been used for thousands of years, focusing on balance in the body's energy flow and natural healing processes.

中医是一种使用了数千年的医疗体系，注重身体能量流动和自然康复过程的平衡。

10. 诗词 (Poetry) - Chinese poetry is a traditional form of literature that uses intricate rhythms and meters to express thoughts and emotions in a concise and elegant manner.

诗词是一种使用了复杂韵律和节奏的中国传统文学形式，以简洁优雅的方式表达思想和情感。

11. 京剧脸谱 (Peking Opera Masks) - Peking Opera masks are colorful facial decorations worn by actors to represent different characters, each with its specific meaning and symbolism.

京剧脸谱是京剧中演员佩戴的五彩面部装饰，用于代表不同的角色，每个角色都有其特定的含义和象征。

12. 刺绣 (Embroidery) - Embroidery is the art of decorating fabric with a needle and thread, and Chinese embroidery is renowned for its intricate designs and beautiful colors.

刺绣是一种用针和线装饰布料的艺术，中国刺绣以其精细的设计和美丽的色彩而闻名。

13. 骰子游戏 (Dice Games) - Dice games are traditional Chinese games played with cubes, often used for entertainment, gambling, or as a way to make decisions.

骰子游戏是一种使用立方体的传统中国游戏，通常用于娱乐、赌博或做出决定。

14. 农历 (Lunar Calendar) - The Lunar Calendar is a traditional Chinese calendar based on the phases of the moon, used for marking holidays, festivals, and agricultural activities.

农历是一种基于月亮阶段的传统中国日历，用于标记假日、节日和农业活动。

15. 杂技 (Acrobatics) - Acrobatics is a form of performance art that combines feats of strength, agility, and balance, often displayed in circuses or variety shows.

杂技是一种结合了力量、敏捷和平衡的表演艺术，通常在马戏团或综艺节目中展示。

16. 茶道 (Tea Ceremony) - The tea ceremony is a traditional Chinese cultural activity that involves the preparation and presentation of tea as a way to honor guests and demonstrate respect.

茶道是一种涉及准备和展示茶

特技是演员为了在电影、电视剧或舞台表演中创造紧张刺激的场景而执行的危险或困难的动作。

16. 京韵大鼓 (story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment) - story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment is a traditional Chinese musical instrument used in Peking Opera to provide rhythmic beats and enhance the dramatic effect of the performance.

京韵大鼓是北京歌剧(京剧)中使用的一种传统中国乐器，用于提供节奏和增强表演的戏剧效果。

17. 秦腔 (Qin Opera) - Qin Opera is a type of traditional Chinese opera from the Qin region, known for its powerful and passionate performances, as well as its unique musical style.

秦腔是一种来自中国秦地区的传统戏曲，以其强大而热情的表演和独特的音乐风格而闻名的传统中国文化活动，作为一种尊重客人的方式。

17. 武术 (Martial Arts) - Martial arts are a variety of traditional Chinese combat practices, including kung fu, tai chi, and others, which focus on self-defense, health, and spiritual growth.

武术是包括功夫、太极在内的多种中国传统武术实践，注重自卫、健康和精神成长。

18. 麻将 (Mahjong) - Mahjong is a traditional Chinese tile game played by four people, combining elements of chance and strategy, and is a popular pastime among friends and family.

麻将是一种由四人玩的传统中国骨牌游戏，结合了运气和策略元素，是朋友和家人中流行的消遣方式。

19. 儒家经典 (Classical Confucian Texts) - Classical Confucian texts, such as the Analects of Confucius, are ancient Chinese philosophical works that continue to influence Chinese ethics, education, and social structure.

儒家经典，如《孔子论语》，是古代的中国哲学作品，至今仍影响着中国的伦理、教育和社会结构。

20.生 (男性正面角色) male (the positive male role)

21.旦 (女性正面角色) female (the positive female role)

22.净 (性格鲜明的男性配角) a supporting male role with striking character

23.丑 (幽默滑稽或反面角色) a clown or a negative role花脸 painted role