pinhole filters

Conclusions:Needle laparoscopy make the trauma much more little,it accords the development of modern minimal trauma surgery.

目的 :探讨在胆囊良性疾患切除术中针孔腹腔镜的应用价值。

The practice indicates that pinhole filter is adjusted very difficultly and because of air ionization and burning in base material as focus of big energy laserbeam, quality of laser beam is influenced.

目前通用的针孔滤波器存在调整困难及对大功率激光器因聚焦原因易产生空气电离与烧蚀基底等弊病，影响光束质量。