load factor

The field that the problem applied is very wide, the most concrete application is the using of raw material area and space, such as the cutting of steel plate, glass and timber, the loading of the pallet and container.

“切割和装入”问题的目标是寻求一种有效的切割和装入方法，最大化原料或空间的利用率。

This paper discusses low level security system of Java platform, including the three major aspects of Java security model: bytecode verifier, class loader and security manager.

详细讨论了Java平台的底层安全系统 ,主要包括Java安全模型的 3个主要方面 :bytecodeverifier(字节码验证机 )、classloader(类装入器 )和securitymanager(安全管理器 )。