氏州第一

《氏州第一》是一首宋代陈允平创作的诗词。以下是对这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

闲倚江楼，
Leaning leisurely on the riverside pavilion,
凉生半臂，
Coolness reaches halfway up the arms,
天高过雁来小。
The sky is high and the passing geese appear small.

紫芡波寒，
The water lilies are chilled by the waves,
青芜烟淡，
The green grass is veiled by light mist,
南浦云帆缥缈。
In the southern harbor, the sails are ethereal in the clouds.

潮带离愁，
The tidal current carries the feelings of parting,
去冉冉、夕阳空照。
Slowly, the setting sun casts its light on the empty horizon.

寂寞东篱，
Loneliness surrounds the eastern fence,
白衣人远，
A figure in white is seen in the distance,
渐黄花老。
Gradually, the blooming flowers turn yellow with age.

见说西湖鸥鹭少。
It is said that there are fewer seagulls and egrets in West Lake.
孤山路、醉魂飞绕。
The lonely mountain road, my intoxicated soul wanders.

荻蟹初肥，
The reeds and crabs are growing fat in early autumn,
莼鲈更美，
The water shield and perch become even more delicious,
尽酒怀诗抱。
Drinking to the fullest, my heart is filled with poetic inspiration.

待南枝、春信早。
Waiting for the south branch, the early signs of spring.
巡檐对梅花索笑。
Walking along the eaves, I smile and beckon the plum blossoms.

月落乌啼，
As the moon sets, the crows cry,
渐霜天、钟残梦晓。
Gradually, the frosty dawn approaches, and the dream is interrupted by the sound of the bell.

这首诗词以精细入微的描写展示了江南水乡的秋景和寥寥无几的田园诗意。诗人倚立江楼，感受到微凉的秋意，天空高远，雁阵飞过显得渺小。诗中描绘了江面上的紫芡和青芜，以及南浦上缥缈的云帆，给人以宁静和悠远的感觉。诗人在此情境中，感叹离愁如潮水般涌上心头，夕阳逐渐西沉，照射在空旷的地方。

接下来，诗人描绘了东篱的寂寞和白衣人的遥远，暗示了岁月的流转和人事的离散。诗人听闻西湖上鸥鹭减少，孤山路上他的灵魂如醉般徘徊，表达了对逝去时光和生活变迁的感慨。

在诗的后半部分，诗人描述了秋天的丰收景象，荻蟹肥美，莼鲈鲜美，诗人畅饮美酒，心怀诗意。他期待着南枝的到来，春天的迹象早早地显现，他巡视檐下，笑对盛开的梅花。

最后，诗人描绘了月落乌啼、晨霜渐起的景象，钟声打破了梦境的宁静。整首诗以细腻的描写和情感抒发，展示了诗人对江南秋景和生活的感悟，同时也折射出人生的变迁和岁月的流转。这首诗以其细腻的描写和深沉的情感，表达了诗人对自然景色、人事变迁和生命的思考，给人以深远的感悟和共鸣。

陈允平，字衡仲，又字君衡，号西麓，鄞县（今浙江宁波）人。试上舍不遇，遂放情山水，往来吴淞淮泗间。恭宗德祐时，授沿海制置司参议官（《宋元学案》卷二五《参议陈西麓允平先生》）。宋亡，以人才徵至元大都。不受官，放还。事见《两宋名贤小集》卷三一五《西麓诗稿》卷首、《宋诗略》卷一五。　陈允平诗，以汲古阁影宋抄《南宋六十家小集·西麓诗稿》爲底本，校以《两宋名贤小集》（简称名贤集）。新辑集外诗编爲第二卷。